How do you come up with musical ideas? Carl answers with 3 fun ways of creating motifs: Shapes, Words, and Numbers. He demonstrates the process by using a common game piece from Tetris, writing a jingle called Spaghetti, and then shows five examples of theme and variation from his prog concept album Grand Architects of the Universe. Wrapping it up, he recommends two pieces for further listening -- one from the classical era and one from a certain heavy metal guitarist.